Crisp chevallier heritage malt ppg. Up to 100%. Crisp chevallier heritage malt ppg

 
 Up to 100%Crisp chevallier heritage malt ppg  Useful for all grain beer brewers to calculate their actual efficiency at extracting sugars from the grain during the mash

Mild malt is kilned slightly darker than pale malt and adds a golden hue and sweet/nutty notes. Uncrushed. If you can find it, Crisp Chevallier is a decent substitution. 50 lb Flaked Oats: 33: 2. Furthermore, cask needs to be taken down to a mere 11 0 – 13 0 C compared with lager and keg bitters’ 5 0 – 8 0 C – and it uses a lot of energy to reduce the temperature of liquids! On the subject of sustainability, just about every cask beer brewed in Britain uses barley grown and malted in this country. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. Our Heritage Malt Roots. Draft. 793 Following. It has therefore, become very popular in the. Chevallier Malt was the first ever selected landrace for malting and it’s what Crisp’s founders Fred and George Smith would have malted back in 1870. Chevallier Heritage Malt - Crisp from $3. | Crisp supply a diverse range of high quality malts that are flavoursome and versatile. The combination of 6-Row barley malt and flaked corn provides a light body. Crystals & Cara MaltsThese heritage malts–No. Add sufficient boiling water to raise to 69° and leave for 30 mins. An all Malt English barleywine brewed with imported premium Crisp Chevallier Heritag Show More See All. 1,459 Followers. Crystal Light 45L. Crisp Malt was an obvious choice: we can visit the barley fields during drilling and harvest and see the crop on the field. Chevallier Heritage Malt - Crisp from $3. About Us. A mainstay of English barley production in the 19th century and an ancestor of many modern varieties, Chevallier has made a comeback thanks to increased interest in heritage malts. The importance of agricultural sustainability and the environment is becoming more and more apparent in the world today. 2%; IBU 53; OG 1053 SG 1012;Chevallier Heritage Malt - Crisp from $3. These malts bring a richness of flavour and complexity not found in modern malting. . It was propagated all over the world and was being grown in. 80 – 100%. The temperatures used through the column determine the colour and flavour of the roasted malt. High proportions of floor-malted grain provide a smooth mouth feel. Plumage Archer was bred in 1905, with commercial crops following in the next few years. 51, SRM 4. Speciality Malts. PPG °L Bill % 5. "Chevalier Heritage IPA" English IPA beer recipe by Brewer #322602. 4%: 200 g Crisp Malting - Chevallier Heritage Malt: 36. 00 . The beer is well attenuated like its Indian forebears. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Follow Us. These farms are certified by the Soil Association in the United Kingdom and globally recognised. The Perle and Styrian hops give a soft, delicate bitterness in perfect balance to the malt. It's Frustrating by Tombstone Brewing Company is a Barleywine - English which has a rating of 4. Pre-Prohibition Lager. Up to 15%. Rice has low gluten so can be used. HERITAGE MALTS NO19 MARIS OTTER 4. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. Mild. This allows us to put locally sourced malt into our Scottish customers’ hands, without the unnecessary fuel costs associated with hauling it to England for packaging. Crystals & Cara Malts. Crisp Chevallier Heritage. The slow, careful and manual process of floor malting, where the grains are turned by hand, brings us the classic qualities of this famous British malt. Ships free with orders over $75, or $8 USA / $5 MI flat rate shipping under $75. Free shipping available for orders over £65 to UK mainland destinations (terms & conditions apply). When mixed with barley malt, Wheat Malt can improve head retention, improve mouthfeel and introduce flavour changes in other beer types. As one of the last maltsters in the UK to have floor. View full details Pot Still Malt Scottish Premium - Crisp from $2. It had a similar impact on the brewing world as Chevallier and for many years they sat side by side, each providing their own nuance to 20th century British beers. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. Today Crisp Malt works in four countries, across seven malting sites, making barley for brewers and distillers worldwide, successfully blending their heritage. Made from spring distilling approved varieties, Crisp Premium Pot Still Malt. This was originally developed for low colour beer production in traditional breweries where a higher level of modification is demanded for both efficient extract delivery and good brewhouse performance. All Grain, ABV 3. A mainstay of English barley production in the 19th century and an ancestor of many modern varieties, Chevallier has made a comeback thanks to increased interest in heritage malts. A heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. Crisp Malt’s roots reach back all the way to 1850, when brothers Fred and George Smith bought a farm and got to work milling flour in Norfolk, England. But by the late 1990s, more small breweries were opening, and Charles Faram’s customers were suggesting they stock malt as well as hops. 8 kg (44. IBU 25. A mainstay of English barley production in the 19th century and an. For the pale malt I selected Crisp’s Chevallier ® Heritage Malt as this was a popular barley variety in the 19 th century and adds a rich, sweet character that works well for this beer. Color: 3°L. Now Anglia Maltings Holdings (AMH), of which Crisp Malt is part, has announced its commitment to Net Zero by 2045 and has launched our. Joined Oct 8, 2016 Messages 4,693 Reaction score 3,476 Location Macclesfield. 92, Fermentables: (Extra Pale Ale Malt, Chevallier Heritage Malt, Roasted Barley, English Carastan Malt, Raw Honey) Hops: (East Kent Goldings, Fuggles) Other: (Cinnamon stick, Ginger, Nutmeg, Clove, Irish Moss, Gypsum) Notes: Trying to build a Welsh Ale, but with very. 84, Fermentables: (Chevallier Heritage Malt, No. We’ve included a lot of different styles to showcase the tremendous range of brewing malts and malted grains Crisp Malt has to offer. 29 per lb. Chit Malt is a highly functional malt that has undergone a very short germination, resulting in a barely malted product. 5: Best Ale Malt: 5. All Grain, ABV 4. High proportions of floor-malted grain provide a smooth mouth feel. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. About Us. 030 📷 I'll boil this for 1 hour with 26g of EKG Then add 20L. 00 per tonne. Our team is a collection of maltsters, brewers, distillers, engineers, food scientists, lab techs and logistics specialists, but the one thing that unites us is a desire to produce the best malt for your brewing and distilling needs. It greatly improves body, foam retention and beer stability whilst adding little colour. BIAB, ABV 4. 58 / Kg. CHEVALLIER® HERITAGE MALT was the first ever selected landrace for malting and it’s what Fred and George Smith would have. 0% – 6. Like other heritage barleys such as Maris Otter, Chevallier and Plumage Archer, Haná was replaced by newer varieties with improved growing qualities (mostly derived from Haná’s gene pool), and it disappeared from fields in the early 1900s. The farm has been growing malting barley for over 100 years so Ben saw a real opportunity to connect with his family’s past by cultivating heritage varieties. 32, SRM 32. Simpsons malt for sale in South Africa. Tasting Notes. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. Get Directions . The Amber Malt in this recipe will colour the beer and shine through with a malty, dry caramel finish. SEARCH MENU . Dingemans Belgian Pale Ale Malt $ 2. 6%: 100 g Crisp Malting - Black - (late mash tun addition) 34. Reply. View full details Chevallier Heritage Malt - Crisp - 55 lb. Back to top. 7th Aug 2023. 66%, IBU 44. About Us. Crisp Best (Pale) Ale Malt £2. Usage. In addition to these new makes, we trial different recipes throughout the year, experimenting with different malts including heritage malt varieties like No 19 Maris Otter, Chevallier and Plumage Archer. In my humble opinion, Batch 19 is a modern day American Amber Lager: · It has an amber color; darker than what would result from a beer made from the traditional grist of 80% 6-row malt and 20% corn (or rice). At our Hamburg maltings we malt Danish and German spring barley to produce a classic German Pilsen style malt for lager production. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. 1, Fermentables: (Chevallier Heritage Malt) Hops: (First Gold) Other: (Gypsum, Calcium Chloride (dihydrate)) Brew your best beer EVER. A mainstay of English barley production in the 19th century and an ancestor of many. It grew as a broad-eared high-quality barley with relatively short stems, which helped protect it from winds and storms. Chevallier ® Heritage Malt Torrefied Wheat Cara Malt Chevallier West Coast IPA beer recipe, featuring a heritage malt to create a big, bold, hoppy brew using the best British. 90 mins minimum on my set up. The colour is produced in the same manner as Amber, but is roasted for that bit longer to give a nutty roast dryness with a light brown hue, perfect for brown ales and milds. Replace Best Ale with Chevallier for a truly authentic 1800s version!a) Scottish pale malt & American 6 row > Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt b) Hops unfortunately substituted because I couldn't obtain Cluster and ran out of EKG on brew day. 0. The importance of agricultural sustainability and the environment is becoming more and more apparent in the world today. With this passion and expertise, and by combining traditional and modern techniques, we create an impressive range of malted and non-malted products, including several unique and. We’re inextricably connected through the supply chain – and the multiple layers of science and engineering that run through it. 7 August 2019 at 12:38Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. Crisp Chevallier Malt is a heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. Facebook; Instagram;. SEARCH MENU . The process of discovery is often a happy accident. 8: 32. View full details Chevallier Heritage Malt - Crisp - 55 lb. All Grain Best Bitter homebrew recipe. Crystals & Cara Malts. 1x25. 6% max. “Malt is the new hops. A mainstay of English barley production in the 19th. Re: Brewing with Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt « Reply #2 on: November 16, 2021, 08:26:32 am » I used this malt (Chevalier) for several ordinary and special bitters when it first came back out 5-7 years ago and I liked the results. 6%Extract FG, Dry. • Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt • Crisp Chocolate • Crisp Clear Choice Malt • Crisp Crystal 60L • Crisp Crystal Extra Dark 120L Updated 12. This delicious malt benefits from a long mash. A heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. Our Best Ale Malt is the workhorse of many a brewery and is at home in a variety of beer styles. Chevallier® Heritage Malt was the first ever selected landrace for malting and it’s what our founders Fred and George Smith would have malted back in 1870. 99 Root Shoot Malting English Pale Ale Malt Root Shoot Malting's. 14th Aug 2023. 7-4. 80-100%. Crystals & Cara Malts View All. Slim M Well-Known Member. SEARCH MENU . To achieve these kinds of flavours the temperature is raised a further step from Light Crystal and the sugars darken further still giving the beer a deep copper. Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt March 9, 2018. The number after the word Crystal refers to the EBC colour of the malt if you mashed at 100% of the grain bill. Crisp. Victoria’s Chinatown is an identifiable neighbourhood of tightly built primarily two and three-storey mixed-use brick buildings in a three-block area of downtown Victoria, British. Crystal, you don't find until post-WW2. ppg 38. Combining all of these speciality malts with a variety of yeasts, we have built up a substantial portfolio of recipes and spirits with very. We have been busy with the calculator scaling down our much-loved beer recipes for the home brewer. "Chevalier Heritage IPA 10 gallon" English IPA beer recipe by Brewer #322602. g. 25 for their regular Otter, and £44. We combine traditional and modern malting techniques at our sites in England and Scotland to create an impressive range of malted and non-malted products. 20 30 45 First malted in the 1820's, Chevallier provides rich malty flavours to heritage and modern beer stylesIBU 20. 89 per lb. Chevallier Malt was the first ever selected landrace for malting and it’s what Crisp’s founders Fred and George Smith would have malted back in 1870. The most distinctive flavour of No 19 Maris Otter malt, is its rich biscuity depth, which works so well in British ales, from Bitters to Pale Ales to Stouts. Chevallier Malt was the first ever selected landrace for malting and it’s what Crisp’s founders Fred and George Smith would have malted back in 1870. It grew as a broad-eared high-quality barley with relatively short stems, which helped protect it from winds and storms. London Porter. Haná is where this barley originated, the Hana valley in Czech Moravia. Limited inventory of the 10 lb pack size remains, and will not be restocked upon depletion. A heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. The best of British malts, Chevallier meets the best of American hops. All Grain, ABV 6. I'm not even sure Pauls produce a mild malt anymore. 25 for their regular Otter, and £44. IBU 35. Telephone Email SEARCH . Pale malt can also be used, ideally using Maris Otter or Chevallier barley varieties for the heritage flavor. Crisp Chevallier is characterized by warm, cracker and biscuit aroma with a full flavor. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. Chevallier Heritage Malt - Crisp from $3. Chevallier reigned supreme for over 100 years as the dominant barley variety in England from the 1820’s to 1920’s. There is much interest in ingredients, provenance, sustainability, craft. Crisp Chevallier Malt is a heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. 4%, IBU 45. 5%. Crystal and Cara Malts are so named for the caramelisation and crystallization of the sugars present in the barley kernel. Reports beer mash extraction efficiency in percentage terms and points per pound per gallon (ppg). Dec 01, 2022. Flavourful and high alcohol yielding, this malt is the workhorse of many a Scottish distillery. 29 per lb. At Crisp Malt we have lived and breathed malting since 1870. 1%: 5,330 g / $ 0. 5. Best bitters, milds, porters (not stouts) Usage. Blondes, pale ales. Session Bitter. 83%, IBU 33. Automatic processes, advanced materials and innovative design features all contribute to maltings that combine the traditional concept of malt production in an. 7. A mainstay of English barley production in the 19th century and an ancestor of many modern varieties, Chevallier has made a comeback thanks to increased interest in heritage malts. PPG °L Bill % 300 g Simpsons - Maris Otter Extra Pale: 38: 1. With Light Crystal the crystalised sugars present imparts an intense caramel flavour. Our Two-Row Barley Malt Growers; Distribution Network; Download The Malt Handbook; Download The Heritage Booklet; Download The Harvest Report 2022; Work with Us; Our Malts. Crisp Chevallier Malt is a heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. Apprenticeship Vacancies. 1 x 25Kg sack. This year we are seeing good quality crop from our. Its delicate roast flavour makes it suitable for adding toasty notes to all Dark…About Us View All . And he also describes the malt: “Crisp Chevallier Malt is a big beast of a barley malt. For the job descriptions and further details on how to apply for these. 3: 3: 21. Color °L. Within the same vein, I'd recommend trying some of the Baird's Heritage Collection malts as well, their Greenwich crystal (75L) is absolutely stunning and I like their Finest MO better than Thomas Fawcett for bitters/pale. Meet Our Team. Good body and smoothness. Crisp Chevallier Malt is a heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. The perfect malt for every use since since 1870. We have science stories in abundance, and should seek for inspiring ways. In the case of Chevallier barley, a combination of an itchy toe, some good soil and a keen eye, turned a single ear of barley into a worldwide phenomenon and established the flavour of English beer for a century. They are taking a risk. Hundreds if not thousands of floor maltings closed during the 20 th Century. It has therefore, become very popular in the. The 2-row winter barley varieties that go into our Best Ale have been planted in the light, sandy soils of North Norfolk. It had a similar impact on the brewing world as Chevallier Malt and for many years they sat side by side, each providing their own nuance to 20th-century British beers. F. Found in most pints of beer, it gave a defining flavour to Victorian Era British ales. By malting these grains using a variety of techniques, our maltsters are able to elevate these humble grains into. "Chevalier Heritage IPA 10 gallon" English IPA beer recipe by Brewer #322602. The beer will be barrel-aged until it’s released later in 2021 and already the brewers are excited: “The orange flavour coming off the malt was. There is evidence of malting in Norfolk that dates back pre 1066 to Anglo Saxon times. 79, SRM 7. It's one of these traditional keeping beers that's brewed somewhere north of 1. 0 1. 7% max. We’re located in Germany, Poland and all over the UK, with the support of a global network of. Suitable for any malt-forward ale, or where increased malt character is needed to balance a high hop load. The arrival of the railway in 1870 motivated the brothers to establish the Great Ryburgh Maltings, which in time became the largest floor maltings in the world. This is the way we have been making malt since 1870. They join forces in a quest to save the Maris Otter barley variety. Description. 19 Maris Otter – Floor Malted. SEARCH MENU . It has a robust maltiness, like a Maris. Since 1870 we’ve lived and breathed malting. Stouts, porters, strong mild. 7) Crisp Heritage Chevallier Ale Malt (EBC 6. Traditionally floor malted for diverse and unique characteristics. Case in point: Crisp describes its Chevallier malt as “like Maris Otter turned up to 11. SKU: MCRI1011. Telephone Email. #13. 19 in a blind, side by side brewing trial. 5 EBC 20 g (0. 00 per tonne. 29 per lb. Amount Variety Cost Type. Ingredient Name: Heritage Malt . 64, Fermentables: (Chevallier Heritage Malt, Crystal Malt I, Turbinado) Hops: (Northdown, Goldings) Other: (Calcium Chloride (dihydrate), Epsom Salt, Gypsum) Brew your best beer EVER. Cara Gold Malt is the lowest colour of the crystallised malts. Name: Slough Slayer / Style: DH Golden Ale / ABV: 5. The beer will be barrel-aged until it’s released later in 2021 and already the brewers are excited: “The orange flavour coming off the malt was. 2020 • Crisp Crystal Dark 77L • Crisp Crystal Light 45L • Crisp Dark Munich Malt • Crisp Dextrin Malt • Crisp Europils MaltI think this would be a great malt to do the ol' @DrewBeechum On The Ones recipe development. Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt is characterized by warm, cracker and biscuit aroma. Crystal Light 45L;. 3. A mainstay of English bar. Domestic Hop Pellets; Import Hop. 19 Maris Otter™ Vienna & Light and Dark Munich Malts Wheat, Rye & Oat Malts Chevallier® Heritage Malt Crystal Malts – 150/240/400 Cara Malt and CaraGold Amber Malt Roasted Malts 16. Together they’re laser-focused on producing “grain-forward lager” – clean, crisp, and flavorful beers that showcase the subtle beauty and complexity of heirloom barley varieties. 05mm or 0. Beer Styles. Save 10% on Brewer's Friend Premium today. It brings that perfect bready, crisp continental flavour to all lager. Facebook; Instagram; Twitter; LinkedIn; YouTube. Sparge as usual. . 1. o. 1% to 20. In the grain bill, the base malt choice is Crisp Chevallier ® Heritage Malt. Up to 10%. 5%) — Crisp Chocolate Malt — Grain — 1045 EBC Hops (89 g) 16 g (15 IBU) — East Kent Goldings (EKG) 6% — First Wort. . C hevallier Heritage Malt was the first ever selected landrace for malting and it’s what our founders Fred and George Smith would have malted back in 1870. SKU: MCRI1009. Crystals & Cara Malts View All . This was originally developed for low colour beer production in traditional breweries where a higher level of modification is demanded for both efficient extract delivery and good brewhouse performance. OG 1043 SG. Wyeast 1028 London, WLP007 Dry English, or Lallemand Nottingham would all be good choices; KEY POINTS FOR KEY PINTS. Session Bitter. Crisp Chevallier is characterized by warm, cracker and biscuit aroma with an. Hops. 51, SRM 4. ” – that’s a statement we’ve been hearing lately from brewers. Chevallier is being grown close to our maltings in Norfolk by a handful of farmers who are intrepid enough to wrangle. It offered high yields to farmers, excellent grain to maltsters, and it could be grown in more diverse soil than Chevallier, the popular. Case in point: Crisp describes its Chevallier malt as “like Maris Otter turned up to 11. About Us View All . Crisp Plumage Archer Heritage Malt. This homebrew recipe uses the following ingredients: Crisp Chevallier, Aromatic Malt - UK , Sonnet Hops, Horizon Hops, Crystal (homegrown) Hops, Magnum (homegrown) Hops, White Labs Dry English ale WLP007 Homebrew Yeast. Free shipping available for orders over £65 to UK mainland destinations (terms & conditions apply). Invert sugar can be included up to 10%. Classic English hops and strong bready malt. Remember that when assessing roasted malts, it is the resultant colour and flavour of the wort. Through this agreement, we guarantee three-year rolling contracts to approximately 180 local farmers to grow our winter and spring barleys. View full details English Pale Ale Malt - Root Shoot Malting - 50 lb. About Us View All . Crystal Light 45L;. Crisp Chevallier is characterized by warm, cracker and biscuit aroma with a full flavor. Find out more. Chevallier reigned supreme for over 100 years as the dominant barley variety in England from the 1820’s to 1920’s. 59 . Crystals & Cara Malts View All . Crisp supplied us with our first batch of malt, and have supplied us ever since. Recipe. o. Harvest 2023 is well underway and it’s all-hands-on-deck here at Crisp Malt. All Grain, ABV 5. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. $ 2. "Chevallier Pale" No Profile Selected beer recipe by Dave Caiels. We combine traditional and modern malting techniques at our sites in England and Scotland to create an impressive range of malted and non-malted products, including. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. This New England IPA homebrew recipe embraces haze with the addition of 10% Naked Oat Malt. It was propagated all over the world. The husk to endosperm ratio in normal oats is high, so at Crisp we malt naked oats that shed their husk at harvest. It brings that perfect bready, crisp continental flavour to all lager. Color °L 2. 94%, IBU 0, SRM 5. Chevallier® Heritage Malt; Haná Heritage Malt; No 19 Maris Otter® Ale Malt; Plumage Archer Heritage Malt; Crystals & Cara Malts. EBC 6. The calculated malt weights and liquor volumes are for a 10-barrel brew at a commercial efficiency, but we’ve also put the % contribution by each malt so that you can scale the recipe to suit your brew length. 59 . 50 lb. Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt (5800 grams) Simcoe – T90 Pellets 100g (2 packs) WHC Dried Yeast -LAX – 11g Packet (1 pack). Using rye, wheat or oats can help to enhance the body and improve head retention, whilst creating deep flavours and spice to the beer. 4%) — Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt — Grain — 6. The 2-row winter barley varieties that go into our Best Ale have been planted in the light, sandy soils of North Norfolk. Sized for a 25 litre brew with 80% efficiency for homebrewing, you can take advantage of the recipe. Dingemans Belgian Pilsen $ 2. Crisp Irish Stout. Crisp Chevallier Malt is a heritage barley variety combined with a traditional malting method and modern quality control. “We decided that Scotch Ale would be the style that would allow the malt to sing most,” says Fiona. The recipe Crisp Chevallier Heritage Malt 5000g Thomas Fawcett - Pale Crystal Malt 630g Crisp Torrified Wheat 1150g Muntons Spray Dried Malt Extract - Light 1500g Challenger Pellets 120g This was cold steeped with out the DME over night with cold tap water for a pre boil gravity 1. Beer Ingredients. 29 per lb. 2%: 0. Like other heritage barleys such as Maris Otter, Chevallier and Plumage Archer, Haná was replaced by newer varieties with improved growing qualities (mostly derived from Haná’s gene pool), and it disappeared from fields in the early 1900s. Chevallier ® reigned supreme for over 100 years as the dominant barley variety in England from the 1820’s to 1920’s. 5% of purchase price per tonne + £9. 7 lbs.